Try a mix 50-50 of sanding sealer and turpentine. You can also make the fibers stand up with lacquer, or even Johnson's paste wax. You need to cut.

George, do you mean wet sand with that mix?  Also as far as the "need to cut" thing, I'm working on it since I just made my first few (4) pens/pencils and only used traditional tools. I was able to get a great finish with my bowl and detail gouges.  On the pens, I never came close to getting a catch.  If I have a bowl on the lathe and I pick up the bowl gouge, I get a catch.  But I am still confused since so many videos show people "cleaning up" with a round nosed scraper. I used a scraper on this bowl but it did not remove the tear out.

Daniel, I was "assuming" incorrectly about what Robert was suggesting.
The method I am proposing is this.
Clean out the affected area thoroughly with a solvent like mineral spirits or acetone and compressed air.
Using the same product as you final finish (poly, shellac, Lacquer, etc) apply to the affected area and let cure completely dry.
What this does,
The finish is absorbed into the weak fibers and then hardens, stiffening them to where the can be cut without breaking.
I do not recommend using scrapers on this area since this is an unsupported cut and has a tendency to pull weak fibers out rather than slice them off.
I would use a freshly sharpened gouge (where the bevel is supporting the cut fibers) for the final cut/s.

Daniel you will get that it takes experience of doing many bowls and working with different tools, techniques and wood. Ed has described much of this.

It came out OK.  The end grain is still a little darker but no real visible tear out. I am going to talk to the guys at our local club and see about getting some hands on lessons.  One reason I shy away from the gouge is that I tried to sharpen it and did not do a good job. I don't trust the angle.  Another lesson from the club needed.