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I had never heard the phrase "Northern cod" when referring to wood or firewood.
In my world, a cord, is a cord, is a cord.
I've heard of face cords and all manner of trying to rip people off. a tape measure does not lie.
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What is a cord of wood?
A full cord of wood assumes that the wood is arranged in a way that all the individual pieces are stacked (aligned, parallel, touching and compact) and fit within the following dimensions: 4 feet high x 4 feet wide x 8 feet long. A cord of wood occupies a volume equivalent to: 128 cubic feet (3.62 m3).
The actual wood volume is closer to 90 cubic feet due to all the air in between the firewood.
How much wood is in a 1/2 cord? A 1/2 cord is 4′ x 4′ x 4′ which is equivalent to 64 cubic feet.
To help you understand how big a cord of wood is here are some numbers to put it in perspective:
A full cord of wood can weigh between 2,500 lbs (softwood) to 5,000 lbs (hardwood).
A standard piece of firewood is 16 inches (1/3 of a cord width).
A small pick-up truck can hold approximately 1/4 cord of wood.
A 1/2 ton short bed pick-up can hold approximately 1/2 cord of wood.
A long bed pick-up truck with racks can hold approximately 1 cord of wood.
When buying a cord of wood be sure to ask what the overall cubic footage is because a lot of sellers will use their own lingo with their own definitions. Ask about the overall volume. Don’t assume anything. If the seller is trying to deceive you in any way, just walk away and find a reputable seller.
Many sellers online use the term “face cord” to refer to 1/3 of a cord. So, a triple (3x) face cord would equal one full cord of wood. Make sure you clarify how they define “face cord” before you buy.
the National Institute of Standards and Technology has an official document that explains what a “cord” is. You can read or download the official US Government document, entitled: Specifications, Tolerances, and Other Technical Requirement for Weighing and Measuring Devices. You’ll find the information of page 115/116.